Chess
Games Terms, part 2 includes a detailed explanation of Check and
Checkmate
along with types of checks located in one section below for easy
access.
Chess Games Terms: A
- Advanced
Pawn: on the opposing player's side of the chessboard. An
advanced pawn
may be fragile if is overextended or difficult to defend.
- Attack:
can be either short or long term as with a mating
attack.
Chess Games Terms: B
- Back Rank:
chess pieces in opening array, player’s first
rank.
- Back Rank
Mate: checkmate by a rook or queen as the king is
in a blocked position.
- Backward Pawn:
stationed behind like-colored pawns, cannot
advance without support of another pawn.
- Bishops On
Opposite Colors: occurs when each side has only
bishops remaining on light and dark squares respectively.
- Bishop
Pair: occurs when 2 bishops are positioned on opposite
colors.
Perceived to be an advantage over two knights or a knight and a bishop.
- Blockade: chess
strategy of positioning a minor piece in
front of an enemy pawn, thus gaining shelter from an attack.
- Break:
occurs when a pawn advance or capture opens up a
blocked position.
- Breakthrough:
a sacrifice that results in the ruin of a
robust defense.
Chess Terms: C
- Capture:
to eliminate the opposing player’s piece/pawn by
using your chess pieces.
- Castling:
once in every game, the King has the option of moving two steps. This
is done in the move called Castling and is performed in combination
with either of the Rooks. It is performed in this way: if the space
between the King and Rook are unoccupied, the King moves two squares to
the right or left, and the Rook is brought to the square next to the
King on the side farthest from the corner from which it was moved.The
player cannot castle, if either the King or Rook has been previously
moved or if the King passes over or rests on a square commanded by an
opponent’s piece, or if the King is in check.
Check
and Checkmate: The
King always remains on the board and cannot be taken like the other
pieces. When he is attacked by a piece or pawn, he is said to
be
in “check”, a position of which the player receives warning by his
opponent saying check!
Under such circumstances, he must do one of three things:
1) He must move out of check, put one of his pieces in the way or take
the piece that attacks him.
2) In taking a piece, the King must move onto the opponents square, as
all other pieces must do, to take the opponent.
3) If the King can do neither of these things, he is said to be
checkmated, and he has lost the game.
Types of check
Simple Check:
when the King is attacked by a single piece or pawn.
Discovered Check:
when, by removing a piece or pawn in front of a checking piece, an
attacker is opened or discovered and puts the King in check.
Double Check:
occurs when the adverse King is attacked by two pieces at once at the
same time. The double check occurs in consequence of a discovered check.
Perpetual Check:
occurs when the opposing forces can occupy such a position as allows
the adverse King no escape from one attack without rendering liable to
another.This may occur when the King is attacked by one or more pieces;
and if the player insists on repeating the check, the game is ended by
being drawn.
- Chessboard:
has 64 checkerboard squares (8 rows x 8
columns) displayed in alternating light and dark colors.
- Connected
Passed Pawns: pawns passed on adjacent files.
- Connected
Rooks: occurs when 2 rooks of the same rank/color
are positioned with no pieces between them.
- Counterplay:
player move from a defensive position.
- Cover:
to either control a square or protect a chess piece.
- Cramped:
having limited movement.
- Cross-check:
a check in answer to a player’s check.
Chess Terms: D
- Decoy:
strategy to tempt an opposing player’s chess piece
to an undesirable
square.
- Diagonal:
line-up of like colored squares that are adjacent
where a queen or bishop can move.
- Discovered
Attack: by a queen, rook or bishop. Occurs when
another chess piece or pawn moves out of its way.
- Double Attack:
occurs in one move, sometimes by the same
chess piece.
- Double Pawn:
when two of your pawns stand on the same file,
the front one is called a double pawn.
- Drawn
Game: if neither player can checkmate his opponent, the
result is a
drawn game. There are several situations of a drawn game: by stalemate,
by perpetual check, or when both parties persist in acting on the
defensive. Also, when the forces on each side are equal or nearly
so. For example, Queen against Queen, with no effective
resolution. Or when the attacking person is unable to
checkmate
in fifty moves.
Chess
Games Terms is followed by terms E-Z, part 3
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